Which medication is contraindicated in pregnancy due to its teratogenic effects?

Isotretinoin is contraindicated in pregnancy because of its significant teratogenic effects, which can lead to severe birth defects. It is a potent vitamin A derivative used primarily for the treatment of severe acne. During pregnancy, exposure to isotretinoin can result in a range of congenital anomalies, including craniofacial deformities, cardiac defects, and central nervous system malformations. Because of its high risk of harming a developing fetus, strict guidelines are in place for its use, including mandatory pregnancy testing and contraceptive measures for women of childbearing age who are prescribed this medication.

In contrast, metformin and insulin are considered relatively safe for managing diabetes during pregnancy. Ibuprofen, while generally avoided, particularly in the third trimester due to potential risks associated with fetal circulation and premature closure of the ductus arteriosus, does not have the same level of teratogenicity as isotretinoin. Thus, isotretinoin stands out as the medication specifically recognized for its teratogenic risks during pregnancy.