What baseline assessment is essential before initiating an intravenous magnesium sulfate infusion?

Before initiating an intravenous magnesium sulfate infusion, measuring the respiratory rate is essential. Magnesium sulfate has a known effect on neuromuscular transmission and can lead to respiratory depression, particularly at higher serum magnesium levels. Monitoring the respiratory rate helps ensure that the patient can maintain adequate ventilation and provides an early indication of potential adverse effects related to magnesium therapy.

By establishing a baseline respiratory rate, healthcare providers can make informed decisions about continuing treatment or implementing interventions if a significant decrease in the patient's respiratory function is observed after the infusion begins. This precaution is crucial in a maternity setting, where patients may be at higher risk for complications during labor and delivery.